United States Average Monthly or Annual Maximum Temperature, 1971-2000

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: The PRISM Group at Oregon State University.

Publication_Date: 061206

Title:

United States Average Monthly or Annual Maximum Temperature, 1971-2000

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Corvallis, Oregon, USA

Publisher: The PRISM Group at Oregon State University.

Online_Linkage: \\ORION\F$\Metadata\meta_30sec\us_tmax710001

Description:

Abstract:

This data set contains spatially gridded average monthly and annual maximum temperature for the climatological period 1971-2000. Distribution of the point measurements to a spatial grid was accomplished using the PRISM model, developed and applied by Chris Daly of OSU PRISM Group.

Purpose:

Display and/or analyses requiring spatially distributed monthly or annual maximum temperature for the climatological period 1971-2000.

Supplemental_Information:

There are many methods of interpolating climate from monitoring stations to grid points. Some provide estimates of acceptable accuracy in flat terrain, but few have been able to adequately explain the extreme, complex variations in climate that occur in mountainous regions. Significant progress in this area has been achieved through the development of PRISM (Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model). PRISM is an analytical model that uses point data and an underlying grid such as a digital elevation model (DEM) or a 30 yr climatological average (e.g. 1971- 2000 average) to generate gridded estimates of monthly and annual precipitation and temperature (as well as other climatic parameters). PRISM is well suited to regions with mountainous terrain, because it incorporates a conceptual framework that addresses the spatial scale and pattern of orographic processes. Grids were modeled on a monthly basis. Annual grids of temperature are produced by averaging the monthly grids, and summing for precipitation.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 19710101

Ending_Date: 20001231

Currentness_Reference:

Climatological period from which the point observations were taken.

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -126.004166666667

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -64.995833335773995

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 50.004166665629995

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.079166666667

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword: None

Place:

Place_Keyword: raster data

Stratum:

Stratum_Keyword: maximum temperature

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword: grid cell

Access_Constraints: Access pursuant to license agreement

Use_Constraints:

Acknowledgement of the following agencies in products derived from these data: PRISM Group at Oregon State University.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: George H. Taylor, State Climatologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address

Address: Strand Ag Hall 326, PRISM Group, Oregon State University

City: Corvallis

State_or_Province: Oregon

Postal_Code: 97331-2209

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (541) 737-5705

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (541) 737-5710

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: taylor@coas.oregonstate.edu

Security_Information:

Security_Classification_System: None

Security_Classification: Unclassified

Security_Handling_Description: None

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.780

Data_Quality_Information:

Logical_Consistency_Report:

All data were based on the same averaging period (1971-2000). Similar quality assurance procedures were used with all input data sets.

Completeness_Report:

Point estimates of temperature originated from some or all of the following sources: 1) National Weather Service (NWS) Cooperative (COOP) stations, 2) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) SNOTEL, 3) United States Forest Service (USFS) and Bureau of Land Management (BLM) RAWS Stations, 4) Bureau of Reclemation (AGRIMET) stations, 5) California Data Exchange Center (CDEC) stations, 6) Storage guages, 7) NRCS Snowcourse stations, 8) Other State and local station networks, 9) Estimated station data, 0) Canadian stations, 10) Upper air stations, and 11) NWS/Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Automated surface observation stations (ASOS). All COOP station data were subjected to quality control checks by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). All COOP, SNOTEL and other data were subjected to further quality control checks by the PRISM Group.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Accuracy of this data set is based on the original specification of the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) 1 degree digital elevation models (DEM). The stated accuracy of the original DEMs are 130 m circular error with 90% probability.

Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 130 m with 90% probability.

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: The broad DMA production objective for 1-degree DEM's.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: National Climatic Data Center (NCDC)

Publication_Date: 2006

Title: United States Summary of the Day Cooperative, (DSI-3200)

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Asheville, NC, USA

Publisher: National Climatic Data Center (NCDC)

Type_of_Source_Media: digital files

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 19710101

Ending_Date: 20001231

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: DSI3200

Source_Contribution:

Location and values of known average monthly and annual maximum temperature

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell

Row_Count: 3111

Column_Count: 7321

Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.008333

Longitude_Resolution: 0.008333

Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Planar:

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 0.008333

Ordinate_Resolution: 0.008333

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983

Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80

Semi-major_Axis: 6378135.000000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.260000

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: average maximum temperature grid cell value

Entity_Type_Definition: ASCII values

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Self-evident

Attribute:

Attribute_Definition: spatially gridded average maximum temperature

Attribute_Definition_Source:

Daly, C., W. P. Gibson, G.H. Taylor, G. L. Johnson, P. Pasteris. 2002. A knowledge-based approach to the statistical mapping of climate. Climate Research, 22, 99-113, 2002

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -1250

Range_Domain_Maximum: 4659

Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Degrees C times 100

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: George Taylor

Contact_Organization: PRISM Group

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing address

Address: 326 Strand Ag Hall

Address: Oregon State University

City: Corvallis

State_or_Province: OR

Postal_Code: 97331

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 541-737-5705

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: taylor@coas.oregonstate.edu

Resource_Description: Downloadable Data

Distribution_Liability:

This digital data set publication was prepared by the PRISM Group. Neither the PRISM Group nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or misuse of the data, or for damage, transmission of viruses or computer contamination through the distribution of these data sets or for the usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the PRISM Group or any agency thereof. Any views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the PRISM Group or any agency thereof.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: ARC/INFO ASCII Grid

Transfer_Size: 91.297

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20061116

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Wayne Gibson

Contact_Organization:

The PRISM Group, College of Science, and College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: Strand Agriculture Hall Rm 326

City: Corvallis

State_or_Province: OR

Postal_Code: 97331

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 541-737-5705

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

Metadata_Security_Information:

Metadata_Security_Classification_System: none

Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified

Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None

Metadata_Extensions:

Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>

Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile